Debuggers/pge/include/olcPixelGameEngine.h

/*
	olcPixelGameEngine.h

	+-------------------------------------------------------------+
	|           OneLoneCoder Pixel Game Engine v1.17              |
	| "Like the command prompt console one, but not..." - javidx9 |
	+-------------------------------------------------------------+

	What is this?
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	The olcConsoleGameEngine has been a surprising and wonderful success for me,
	and I'm delighted how people have reacted so positively towards it, so thanks
	for that.

	However, there are limitations that I simply cannot avoid. Firstly, I need to
	maintain several different versions of it to accommodate users on Windows7,
	8, 10, Linux, Mac, Visual Studio & Code::Blocks. Secondly, this year I've been
	pushing the console to the limits of its graphical capabilities	and the effect
	is becoming underwhelming. The engine itself is not slow at all, but the process
	that Windows uses to draw the command prompt to the screen is, and worse still,
	it's dynamic based upon the variation of character colours and glyphs. Sadly
	I have no control over this, and recent videos that are extremely graphical
	(for a command prompt :P ) have been dipping to unacceptable framerates. As
	the channel	has been popular with aspiring game developers, I'm concerned that
	the visual appeal of the command prompt is perhaps limited to us oldies, and I
	dont want to alienate younger learners. Finally, I'd like to demonstrate many
	more algorithms and image processing that exist in the graphical domain, for
	which the console is insufficient.

	For this reason, I have created olcPixelGameEngine! The look and feel to the
	programmer is almost identical, so all of my existing code from the videos is
	easily portable, and the programmer uses this file in exactly the same way. But
	I've decided that rather than just build a command prompt emulator,	that I
	would at least harness some modern(ish) portable technologies.

	As a result, the olcPixelGameEngine supports 32-bit colour, is written in a
	cross-platform style, uses modern(ish) C++ conventions and most importantly,
	renders much much faster. I	will use this version when my applications are
	predominantly graphics based, but use the console version when they are
	predominantly text based - Don't worry, loads more command prompt silliness to
	come yet, but evolution is important!!

	License (OLC-3)
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

	Copyright 2018 - 2019 OneLoneCoder.com

	Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
	are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

	1. Redistributions or derivations of source code must retain the above copyright
	notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

	2. Redistributions or derivative works in binary form must reproduce the above
	copyright notice. This list of conditions and the following	disclaimer must be
	reproduced in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

	3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may
	be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
	prior written permission.

	THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS	"AS IS" AND ANY
	EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
	OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
	SHALL THE COPYRIGHT	HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
	INCIDENTAL,	SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
	TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
	BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
	CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT	(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
	ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
	SUCH DAMAGE.

	Links
	~~~~~
	YouTube:	https://www.youtube.com/javidx9
				https://www.youtube.com/javidx9extra
	Discord:	https://discord.gg/WhwHUMV
	Twitter:	https://www.twitter.com/javidx9
	Twitch:		https://www.twitch.tv/javidx9
	GitHub:		https://www.github.com/onelonecoder
	Homepage:	https://www.onelonecoder.com
	Patreon:	https://www.patreon.com/javidx9

	Relevant Videos
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	https://youtu.be/kRH6oJLFYxY Introducing olcPixelGameEngine

	Compiling in Linux
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	You will need a modern C++ compiler, so update yours!
	To compile use the command:

	g++ -o YourProgName YourSource.cpp -lX11 -lGL -lpthread -lpng

	On some Linux configurations, the frame rate is locked to the refresh
	rate of the monitor. This engine tries to unlock it but may not be
	able to, in which case try launching your program like this:

	vblank_mode=0 ./YourProgName


	Compiling in Code::Blocks on Windows
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	Well I wont judge you, but make sure your Code::Blocks installation
	is really up to date - you may even consider updating your C++ toolchain
	to use MinGW32-W64, so google this. You will also need to enable C++14
	in your build options, and add to your linker the following libraries:
	user32 gdi32 opengl32 gdiplus

	Ports
	~~~~~
	olc::PixelGameEngine has been ported and tested with varying degrees of
	success to: WinXP, Win7, Win8, Win10, Various Linux, Rapberry Pi,
	Chromebook, Playstation Portable (PSP) and Nintendo Switch. If you are
	interested in the details of these ports, come and visit the Discord!

	Thanks
	~~~~~~
	I'd like to extend thanks to Eremiell, slavka, gurkanctn, Phantim,
	JackOJC, KrossX, Huhlig, Dragoneye, Appa, JustinRichardsMusic, SliceNDice
	Ralakus, Gorbit99, raoul, joshinils, benedani & MagetzUb for advice, ideas and
	testing, and I'd like to extend my appreciation to the 40K YouTube followers,
	22 Patreons and 2.6K Discord server	members who give me the motivation to keep
	going with all this :D

	Special thanks to those who bring gifts!
	GnarGnarHead.......Domina
	Gorbit99...........Bastion, Ori & The Blind Forest
	Marti Morta........Gris

	Special thanks to my Patreons too - I wont name you on here, but I've
	certainly enjoyed my tea and flapjacks :D

	Author
	~~~~~~
	David Barr, aka javidx9, ©OneLoneCoder 2018, 2019
*/

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/* Example Usage (main.cpp)
	#define OLC_PGE_APPLICATION
	#include "olcPixelGameEngine.h"
	// Override base class with your custom functionality
	class Example : public olc::PixelGameEngine
	{
	public:
		Example()
		{
			sAppName = "Example";
		}
	public:
		bool OnUserCreate() override
		{
			// Called once at the start, so create things here
			return true;
		}
		bool OnUserUpdate(float fElapsedTime) override
		{
			// called once per frame, draws random coloured pixels
			for (int x = 0; x < ScreenWidth(); x++)
				for (int y = 0; y < ScreenHeight(); y++)
					Draw(x, y, olc::Pixel(rand() % 255, rand() % 255, rand()% 255));
			return true;
		}
	};
	int main()
	{
		Example demo;
		if (demo.Construct(256, 240, 4, 4))
			demo.Start();
		return 0;
	}
*/

#ifndef OLC_PGE_DEF
#define OLC_PGE_DEF

#ifdef _WIN32
	// Link to libraries
#ifndef __MINGW32__
	#pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib")		// Visual Studio Only
	#pragma comment(lib, "gdi32.lib")		// For other Windows Compilers please add
	#pragma comment(lib, "opengl32.lib")	// these libs to your linker input
	#pragma comment(lib, "gdiplus.lib")
#else
	// In Code::Blocks, Select C++14 in your build options, and add the
	// following libs to your linker: user32 gdi32 opengl32 gdiplus
	#if !defined _WIN32_WINNT
        #ifdef HAVE_MSMF
            #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0600 // Windows Vista
        #else
            #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0500 // Windows 2000
        #endif
    #endif
#endif
	// Include WinAPI
	#include <windows.h>
	#include <gdiplus.h>

	// OpenGL Extension
	#include <GL/gl.h>
	typedef BOOL(WINAPI wglSwapInterval_t) (int interval);
#else
	#include <GL/gl.h>
	#include <GL/glx.h>
	#include <X11/X.h>
	#include <X11/Xlib.h>
	typedef int(glSwapInterval_t) (Display *dpy, GLXDrawable drawable, int interval);
#endif


// Standard includes
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdint>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <streambuf>
#include <chrono>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <thread>
#include <atomic>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <fstream>
#include <map>
#include <functional>
#include <algorithm>
#include "olcPGE_Common.h"
#include "olcPGE_Sprite.h"
#include "olcPGE_ResourcePack.h"

#undef min
#undef max

namespace olc // All OneLoneCoder stuff will now exist in the "olc" namespace
{
	template <class T>
	struct v2d_generic
	{
		T x = 0;
		T y = 0;

		inline v2d_generic() : x(0), y(0)                        {                                                      }
		inline v2d_generic(T _x, T _y) : x(_x), y(_y)            {                                                      }
		inline v2d_generic(const v2d_generic& v) : x(v.x), y(v.y){                                                      }
		inline T mag()                                           { return sqrt(x * x + y * y);                          }
		inline v2d_generic  norm()                               { T r = 1 / mag(); return v2d_generic(x*r, y*r);       }
		inline v2d_generic  perp()                               { return v2d_generic(-y, x);                           }
		inline T dot(const v2d_generic& rhs)                     { return this->x * rhs.x + this->y * rhs.y;            }
		inline T cross(const v2d_generic& rhs)                   { return this->x * rhs.y - this->y * rhs.x;            }
		inline v2d_generic  operator +  (const v2d_generic& rhs) const { return v2d_generic(this->x + rhs.x, this->y + rhs.y);}
		inline v2d_generic  operator -  (const v2d_generic& rhs) const { return v2d_generic(this->x - rhs.x, this->y - rhs.y);}
		inline v2d_generic  operator *  (const T& rhs)           const { return v2d_generic(this->x * rhs, this->y * rhs);    }
		inline v2d_generic  operator /  (const T& rhs)           const { return v2d_generic(this->x / rhs, this->y / rhs);    }
		inline v2d_generic& operator += (const v2d_generic& rhs) { this->x += rhs.x; this->y += rhs.y; return *this;    }
		inline v2d_generic& operator -= (const v2d_generic& rhs) { this->x -= rhs.x; this->y -= rhs.y; return *this;    }
		inline v2d_generic& operator *= (const T& rhs)           { this->x *= rhs; this->y *= rhs; return *this;        }
		inline v2d_generic& operator /= (const T& rhs)           { this->x /= rhs; this->y /= rhs; return *this;        }
		inline T& operator [] (std::size_t i)                    { return *((T*)this + i);	   /* <-- D'oh :( */        }
	};

	template<class T> inline v2d_generic<T> operator * (const float& lhs, const v2d_generic<T>& rhs) { return v2d_generic<T>(lhs * rhs.x, lhs * rhs.y); }
	template<class T> inline v2d_generic<T> operator * (const double& lhs, const v2d_generic<T>& rhs){ return v2d_generic<T>(lhs * rhs.x, lhs * rhs.y); }
	template<class T> inline v2d_generic<T> operator * (const int& lhs, const v2d_generic<T>& rhs)   { return v2d_generic<T>(lhs * rhs.x, lhs * rhs.y); }
	template<class T> inline v2d_generic<T> operator / (const float& lhs, const v2d_generic<T>& rhs) { return v2d_generic<T>(lhs / rhs.x, lhs / rhs.y); }
	template<class T> inline v2d_generic<T> operator / (const double& lhs, const v2d_generic<T>& rhs){ return v2d_generic<T>(lhs / rhs.x, lhs / rhs.y); }
	template<class T> inline v2d_generic<T> operator / (const int& lhs, const v2d_generic<T>& rhs)   { return v2d_generic<T>(lhs / rhs.x, lhs / rhs.y); }

	typedef v2d_generic<int> vi2d;
	typedef v2d_generic<float> vf2d;
	typedef v2d_generic<double> vd2d;

	//=============================================================

	struct HWButton
	{
		bool bPressed = false;	// Set once during the frame the event occurs
		bool bReleased = false;	// Set once during the frame the event occurs
		bool bHeld = false;		// Set true for all frames between pressed and released events
	};

	//=============================================================

	enum Key
	{
		NONE,
		A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z,
		K0, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8, K9,
		F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11, F12,
		UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT,
		SPACE, TAB, SHIFT, CTRL, INS, DEL, HOME, END, PGUP, PGDN,
		BACK, ESCAPE, RETURN, ENTER, PAUSE, SCROLL,
		NP0, NP1, NP2, NP3, NP4, NP5, NP6, NP7, NP8, NP9,
		NP_MUL, NP_DIV, NP_ADD, NP_SUB, NP_DECIMAL,
	};


	//=============================================================

	class PixelGameEngine
	{
	public:
		PixelGameEngine();

	public:
		olc::rcode	Construct(uint32_t screen_w, uint32_t screen_h, uint32_t pixel_w, uint32_t pixel_h, bool full_screen = false);
		// Selects maximum pixel size to fit in the display resolution
		olc::rcode	ConstructAuto(uint32_t screen_w, uint32_t screen_h, bool full_screen = false);
		olc::rcode	Start();

	public: // Override Interfaces
		// Called once on application startup, use to load your resources
		virtual bool OnUserCreate();
		// Called every frame, and provides you with a time per frame value
		virtual bool OnUserUpdate(float fElapsedTime);
		// Called once on application termination, so you can be a clean coder
		virtual bool OnUserDestroy();

	public: // Hardware Interfaces
		// Returns true if window is currently in focus
		bool IsFocused();
		// Get the state of a specific keyboard button
		HWButton GetKey(Key k);
		// Get the state of a specific mouse button
		HWButton GetMouse(uint32_t b);
		// Get Mouse X coordinate in "pixel" space
		int32_t GetMouseX();
		// Get Mouse Y coordinate in "pixel" space
		int32_t GetMouseY();
		// Get Mouse Wheel Delta
		int32_t GetMouseWheel();

	public: // Utility
		// Returns the width of the screen in "pixels"
		int32_t ScreenWidth();
		// Returns the height of the screen in "pixels"
		int32_t ScreenHeight();
		// Returns the width of the currently selected drawing target in "pixels"
		int32_t GetDrawTargetWidth();
		// Returns the height of the currently selected drawing target in "pixels"
		int32_t GetDrawTargetHeight();
		// Returns the currently active draw target
		Sprite* GetDrawTarget();

	public: // Draw Routines
		// Specify which Sprite should be the target of drawing functions, use nullptr
		// to specify the primary screen
		void SetDrawTarget(Sprite *target);
		// Change the pixel mode for different optimisations
		// olc::Pixel::NORMAL = No transparency
		// olc::Pixel::MASK   = Transparent if alpha is < 255
		// olc::Pixel::ALPHA  = Full transparency
		void SetPixelMode(Pixel::Mode m);
		Pixel::Mode GetPixelMode();
		// Use a custom blend function
		void SetPixelMode(std::function<olc::Pixel(const int x, const int y, const olc::Pixel& pSource, const olc::Pixel& pDest)> pixelMode);
		// Change the blend factor form between 0.0f to 1.0f;
		void SetPixelBlend(float fBlend);
		// Offset texels by sub-pixel amount (advanced, do not use)
		void SetSubPixelOffset(float ox, float oy);

		// Draws a single Pixel
		virtual bool Draw(int32_t x, int32_t y, Pixel p = olc::WHITE);
		// Draws a line from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2)
		void DrawLine(int32_t x1, int32_t y1, int32_t x2, int32_t y2, Pixel p = olc::WHITE, uint32_t pattern = 0xFFFFFFFF);
		// Draws a circle located at (x,y) with radius
		void DrawCircle(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t radius, Pixel p = olc::WHITE, uint8_t mask = 0xFF);
		// Fills a circle located at (x,y) with radius
		void FillCircle(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t radius, Pixel p = olc::WHITE);
		// Draws a rectangle at (x,y) to (x+w,y+h)
		void DrawRect(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t w, int32_t h, Pixel p = olc::WHITE);
		// Fills a rectangle at (x,y) to (x+w,y+h)
		void FillRect(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t w, int32_t h, Pixel p = olc::WHITE);
		// Draws a triangle between points (x1,y1), (x2,y2) and (x3,y3)
		void DrawTriangle(int32_t x1, int32_t y1, int32_t x2, int32_t y2, int32_t x3, int32_t y3, Pixel p = olc::WHITE);
		// Flat fills a triangle between points (x1,y1), (x2,y2) and (x3,y3)
		void FillTriangle(int32_t x1, int32_t y1, int32_t x2, int32_t y2, int32_t x3, int32_t y3, Pixel p = olc::WHITE);
		// Draws an entire sprite at location (x,y)
		void DrawSprite(int32_t x, int32_t y, Sprite *sprite, uint32_t scale = 1);
		// Draws an area of a sprite at location (x,y), where the
		// selected area is (ox,oy) to (ox+w,oy+h)
		void DrawPartialSprite(int32_t x, int32_t y, Sprite *sprite, int32_t ox, int32_t oy, int32_t w, int32_t h, uint32_t scale = 1);
		// Draws a single line of text
		void DrawString(int32_t x, int32_t y, std::string sText, Pixel col = olc::WHITE, uint32_t scale = 1);
		// Clears entire draw target to Pixel
		void Clear(Pixel p);

	public: // Branding
		std::string sAppName;

	private: // Inner mysterious workings
		Sprite		*pDefaultDrawTarget = nullptr;
		Sprite		*pDrawTarget = nullptr;
		Pixel::Mode	nPixelMode = Pixel::NORMAL;
		float		fBlendFactor = 1.0f;
		uint32_t	nScreenWidth = 256;
		uint32_t	nScreenHeight = 240;
		uint32_t	nPixelWidth = 4;
		uint32_t	nPixelHeight = 4;
		int32_t		nMousePosX = 0;
		int32_t		nMousePosY = 0;
		int32_t		nMouseWheelDelta = 0;
		int32_t		nMousePosXcache = 0;
		int32_t		nMousePosYcache = 0;
		int32_t		nMouseWheelDeltaCache = 0;
		int32_t		nWindowWidth = 0;
		int32_t		nWindowHeight = 0;
		int32_t		nViewX = 0;
		int32_t		nViewY = 0;
		int32_t		nViewW = 0;
		int32_t		nViewH = 0;
		bool		bFullScreen = false;
		float		fPixelX = 1.0f;
		float		fPixelY = 1.0f;
		float		fSubPixelOffsetX = 0.0f;
		float		fSubPixelOffsetY = 0.0f;
		bool		bHasInputFocus = false;
		bool		bHasMouseFocus = false;
		float		fFrameTimer = 1.0f;
		int			nFrameCount = 0;
		Sprite		*fontSprite = nullptr;
		std::function<olc::Pixel(const int x, const int y, const olc::Pixel&, const olc::Pixel&)> funcPixelMode;

		static std::map<uint16_t, uint8_t> mapKeys;
		bool		pKeyNewState[256]{ 0 };
		bool		pKeyOldState[256]{ 0 };
		HWButton	pKeyboardState[256];

		bool		pMouseNewState[5]{ 0 };
		bool		pMouseOldState[5]{ 0 };
		HWButton	pMouseState[5];

#ifdef _WIN32
		HDC			glDeviceContext = nullptr;
		HGLRC		glRenderContext = nullptr;
#else
		GLXContext	glDeviceContext = nullptr;
		GLXContext	glRenderContext = nullptr;
#endif
		GLuint		glBuffer;

		void		EngineThread();

		// If anything sets this flag to false, the engine
		// "should" shut down gracefully
		static std::atomic<bool> bAtomActive;

		// Common initialisation functions
		void olc_UpdateMouse(int32_t x, int32_t y);
		void olc_UpdateMouseWheel(int32_t delta);
		void olc_UpdateWindowSize(int32_t x, int32_t y);
		void olc_UpdateViewport();
		bool olc_OpenGLCreate();
		void olc_ConstructFontSheet();
		uint32_t olc_GetMaximumPixelSize(uint32_t w, uint32_t h);


#ifdef _WIN32
		// Windows specific window handling
		HWND olc_hWnd = nullptr;
		HWND olc_WindowCreate();
		std::wstring wsAppName;
		static LRESULT CALLBACK olc_WindowEvent(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
#else
		// Non-Windows specific window handling
		Display*				olc_Display = nullptr;
		Window					olc_WindowRoot;
		Window					olc_Window;
		XVisualInfo*            olc_VisualInfo;
		Colormap                olc_ColourMap;
		XSetWindowAttributes    olc_SetWindowAttribs;
		XSizeHints			    olc_SizeHints;
		Display*				olc_WindowCreate();
#endif

	};


	class PGEX
	{
		friend class olc::PixelGameEngine;
	protected:
		static PixelGameEngine* pge;
	};

	//=============================================================
}

#endif // OLC_PGE_DEF